Disrupting Neutrophil Extracellular Traps with Targeted Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Ameliorates Diabetic Periodontitis

coating to actively target activated neutrophils. Comprehensive characterization confirmed that this surface modification preserved the multienzyme mimetic activities of CeNPs, enabling the effective regulation of both NET formation and degradation. Using neutrophil models from both human and murine sources, we demonstrated that NEBP conjugation significantly increased cellular internalization by activated neutrophils and potently reduced NETs accumulation under high-glucose conditions. Furthermore, in a DP animal model, NEBP-PEG-CeNPs exhibited superior periodontal tissue preservation and anti-inflammatory effects because of their active targeting capability and increased bioavailability for NET regulation. This study presents a feasible and targeted nanotherapeutic strategy for DP management and provides deep insights into the rational design of CeNPs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.