Nephrology: What You May Have Missed in 2025

This article highlights some important nephrology studies published in 2025 that are relevant for many nonnephrologist physicians. Two studies examined aspects of acute kidney injury (AKI), including the use of sodium bicarbonate infusion to treat severe metabolic acidemia and the use of artificial intelligence models to predict AKI onset, severity, and complications. Three studies examined factors that may influence kidney function, including high-intensity long-term physical exercise, pregnancy, and the combined use of finerenone and empagliflozin. Three studies examined interventions to address common problems among patients receiving maintenance dialysis, including cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain, factor Xa inhibitors for atrial fibrillation, and fish oil for cardiovascular events.