γ-Aminobutyric acid enhances myogenesis and heat/cold stress resistance in bovine muscle satellite cells

Introduction: -Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and is involved in the development of neural tissue as well as the regulation of its functions. Meanwhile, GABA has also been demonstrated to confer multiple physiological benefits, including alleviating stress and improving metabolic homeostasis. This study investigated GABA effects on proliferation, differentiation, and temperature stress protection of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (BSCs). Methods: BSCs were exposed to graded GABA concentrations for 24-96 h; based on CCK-8 and EdU assays, 0.5 and 1 mM were selected for mechanistic experiments (RT-qPCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence). We further evaluated GABA under heat (41 °C) and cold (4 °C) stress by measuring stress-related genes, antioxidant indices, Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 pathway proteins, and by performing transcriptomic analysis. Results: < 0.05). Conclusion: and offering molecular targets for functional feeds to improve ruminant resilience to temperature stress.