Intra-jugal lipoma: case report and literature review

Introduction: Lipomas are benign tumors that are generally painless and vary in size. Their localization in the oral cavity is rare, accounting for only 1–4% of benign oral tumors. This case reports an intra-buccal lipoma evolving over 20 years. It highlights a rare but not exceptional pathology, emphasizes the importance of an accurate diagnosis, and illustrates effective surgical management. This report provides valuable insight into the surgical literature on the progression and treatment of intra-buccal lipomas. Case presentation: A 56-year-old patient, in good general health, consulted for a painless swelling of the left cheek, evolving for more than 20 years, causing discomfort during chewing and speaking. Clinical examination revealed a soft, mobile 4 cm mass covered by healthy mucosa. Ultrasound imaging showed a well-defined, superficial, and echogenic formation. A complete surgical excision was performed via an intraoral approach under local anesthesia. Histopathological analysis confirmed a benign lipoma without atypia. The postoperative course was favorable, with good healing. Discussion: Intra-buccal lipomas are rare and present a diagnostic challenge due to their resemblance to other soft tissue masses. Imaging, particularly ultrasound, plays a key role in confirming their benign nature. Treatment is based on surgical excision, generally without recurrence, as in our case. Conclusion: Although rare, an intra-buccal lipoma should be considered in the presence of a painless, chronic oral swelling. Complete surgical excision via an intraoral approach allows for both histological diagnosis and recurrence prevention. This case underlines the importance of a thorough clinical examination and appropriate surgical management.