Current challenges in the development of liposomes to target mitochondria

Although liposomes have been shown to be capable of mediating the delivery of therapeutics to mitochondria, clinical translation has yet to be realized. This short, focused review outlines some major challenges and offers hypotheses that warrant systematic investigation to support the continued development of mitochondria targeted liposomal systems. An improved understanding of how surface chemistry, ligand density, and intracellular trafficking influence delivery efficiency and safety is crucial moving forward.