Multi-Criteria Optimization of Microwave-Cured Pineapple Leaf Fiber/LDPE Biocomposites for Enhanced Mechanical Performance

This work provides a thorough investigation focused on enhancing the fabrication parameters for pineapple leaf fiber (PALF)-reinforced low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composites by using advanced microwave-assisted heating techniques. Various statistical techniques, such as the Taguchi method, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and grey relational analysis (GRA), are used for multi-criteria optimization. The research investigated three key variables: microwave power, NaOH treatment percentage, and fiber reinforcement percentage. Each variable was tested at three different levels. It was observed that combined process parameters of 810 W microwave power, 10% NaOH treatment, and 50% fiber reinforcement resulted in the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) (13 MPa). The grey relationship grade (GRG) analysis has provided validation for this finding. From GRG, it was found that this specific combination of parameters has the highest impact on maximizing UTS. Furthermore, in the context of 3-point bending strength, the combination of parameters yielded an estimated bending strength value of 49.02 MPa. The integration of statistical methodologies and microstructural (scanning electron microscopy) examination offers essential insights for the advancement of composite materials. Thus, the improved performance attributes of sustainable polymer composites can be utilized in diverse sectors, such as construction, automotive, and aerospace.