A Prospective Incidence Study on Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV in Men Who Have Sex With Men, With or Without Use of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis
Background: While pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can prevent HIV acquisition, associated behavioral changes may increase risk of acquiring other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Methods: (NG), and syphilis. We computed 3-month incidence rates and rate ratios, and we employed multilevel mixed effects logistic regression to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for factors associated with any incident STI. Results: < .05). MG and syphilis incidence remained stable. Factors independently associated with STI incidence were as follows: symptoms (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.46-2.34), condomless anal sex with >5 casual partners (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.49-2.14), recreational drug use (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.46-2.12), being born abroad (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.19-1.87), PrEP use (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05-1.58), and having a moderately or largely increased self-perceived risk of HIV (OR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.03-1.53]; OR, 1.33 [95% CI, 1.02-1.74], respectively). Conclusions: PrEP use was associated with increased STI risk in our cohort. CT and NG incidence decreased in a structured test-and-treat setting.
Authors
- Klaus Jansen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4878-9421)
- Allahna Esber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-0126)
- Gyde Steffen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4083-382X)
- Nelson L. Michael (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5882-5548)
- Julie Dorsey-Spitz
- Christoph D. Spinner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3875-5367)
- Tsedal Mebrahtu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2857-0732)
- Trevor A. Crowell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5947-265X)
- Clara Lehmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7042-1578)
- Jernej Pušnik (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5987-8606)
- Stephan M. Schneeweiß
- Stefan Eßer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3625-9650)
- Stefan Scholten (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1863-8745)
- Carsten Tiemann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0240-1468)
- Hendrik Streeck (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0335-6390)
- Christiane Cordes
- Axel Baumgarten
- N Brockmeyer
- J -J Vehreschild
- P F Ottensmeyer
- M L Robb
- M Bickel
- A -L Brillen
- A Stoehr
- H K Jessen
Institutions
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation (US)
- University of Bonn (DE)
- Robert Koch Institute (DE)
- Hohenstein Institute (DE)
- German Center for Infection Research (DE)
- Essen University Hospital (DE)
- Cardiovascular Center Frankfurt (DE)
- TM Jesenice (Czechia) (CZ)
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine (DE)
- University Hospital Frankfurt (DE)
- Laboratory Krone (DE)
- Hamburg Institut (Germany) (DE)
- Klinikum im Friedrichshain (DE)
- LWL-Universitätsklinikum Bochum (DE)
- Sexual Health Clinic (FI)
- University Hospital Cologne (DE)
- Hamburg Institute for Therapy Research (DE)
- Zentrum für Pathologie und Zytodiagnostik (DE)
- University of Duisburg-Essen (DE)
- Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Open Forum Infectious Diseases
- Published
- 2026-04-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofag205
- Primary Topic
- Reproductive tract infections research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation
- Bundesministerium für Gesundheit
- National Institutes of Health
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program
- U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command