Comprehensive assessment of health disparities in tribal and non-tribal population in India: a sex- and age-stratified cross-sectional study

Background: Health disparities and glycemic risk among tribal and non-tribal populations in India remain poorly characterized particularly in the context of socio-demographic, behavioral, cultural, and clinical aspects. This study aimed to comprehensively assess various health parameters and to evaluate clinical predictors associated with cardiovascular burden to assess glycemic status in tribal and non-tribal adults. Methods: -test and chi-square analysis was done. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to identified associations between clinical indicators and glycemic status. ROC curves was used to evaluate predictive accuracy of clinical indicators. Results: = 0.725 tribal; 0.664 non-tribal). Conclusion: Tribal and non-tribal populations exhibit distinct sex- and age-specific health patterns, reflecting the coexistence of persistent undernutrition and an ongoing cardiovascular transition. These observations highlight the importance of developing population-specific, age-stratified screening frameworks and targeted prevention strategies to address emerging metabolic risk across diverse community settings. Such tailored approaches are essential to promote equitable and precision-oriented public health strategies.