The roles of green intellectual capital, blockchain technology and green manufacturing: gateways to improved sustainability performance

Purpose This research examines the relationship between green intellectual capital (GRIC), blockchain technology (BCT), green manufacturing (GM) and sustainable performance in large manufacturing firms. Design/methodology/approach Cross-sectional data were gathered from manufacturers, and partial least square structural equation modeling was employed to examine the proposed hypotheses. Findings The outcomes elucidated that GRIC, which includes green human capital (GRHC), green structural capital (GRSC) and green relational capital (GRRC), has enabled the implementation of GM and BCT. Furthermore, GM and BCT have a positive relationship with all three dimensions of sustainability performance. Research limitations/implications The findings provide a policy framework for practitioners, decision makers and legislators to enhance GM in firms as its implementation gives a competitive position, enhances profitability, enable to meet customers' demands and improves societal safety and help preserving natural environment. Originality/value The current research is novel in that it discusses in depth mechanic on GRIC, BCT and GM. This study enhances the comprehension of the intellectual capital-based view and dynamic capabilities theory by postulating that GRIC has a significant role in the adoption of GM and BCT, which further affects sustainable performance.