Dynamic Precision Oncology for Real-Time Molecular Monitoring and Management in Urothelial Carcinoma

alterations (HR 0.64) confirms the value of genomic profiling. Major limitations include the inherent selection bias of this non-systematic approach, substantial platform heterogeneity, and lack of standardization. In conclusion, dynamic precision oncology has transformed UC management, with the IMvigor011 trial establishing ctDNA-guided MRD status as the first phase 3-validated predictive biomarker framework for adjuvant therapy selection in a solid tumor. Implementation requires adherence to established standardization frameworks, cross-platform and cross-agent validations, and tiered implementation strategies to ensure equitable access across diverse resource settings.