Coordination Scheduling for Power Distribution Networks with Multi-Microgrids Based on Robust Game Model

With grid-connected microgrids connected to power distribution networks, a hierarchical coordination scheduling framework is developed to solve the benefit allocation problem among different entities. Firstly, a bi-level master–slave game model with the power distribution network as the leader and the microgrids as the followers is proposed. For the leader, a two-stage robust optimization economic dispatch model considering wind power uncertainty is established for the power distribution network. For the followers, an optimal-scheduling model considering time-of-use pricing and load demand response is constructed. Secondly, the follower model is transformed into the equilibrium constraints of the leader model in light of the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker condition. As a result, the above bi-level master–slave game model can be converted into a single-layer robust optimization problem with mixed-integer recourse, which is solved by the nested column-and-constraint generation algorithm. Finally, the proposed model and solution method are validated via an improved IEEE 33-bus distribution network connected with three microgrids. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model can reduce the total operation cost by 12.42% compared with the centralized optimization model. Moreover, the load demand response and the regulation of ESSs at the real-time scheduling stage can prominently improve the operation flexibility and reduce the operation cost. Specifically, the operation cost of multiple microgrids has reduced by 21.55% when considering load demand response. In addition, the solving time for the proposed model is 627.3 s, which has the potential for practical engineering application.