MODERN DIAGNOSTIC METHODS IN PEDIATRIC UROLOGY. SEMIOTICS AND DIAGNOSIS OF UROLOGICAL DISEASES

This article discusses modern diagnostic methods used in pediatric urology, as well as the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the urinary system in children and the semiotics and diagnosis of urological diseases. The urinary system in children differs from that of adults in both morphological and functional aspects, and these features directly influence the course of diseases and the diagnostic process. The article analyzes the advantages and indications of various diagnostic approaches, including ultrasound examination, radiological methods, laboratory diagnostics, endoscopic examinations, and modern invasive and non-invasive techniques. In addition, the importance of early detection of urological pathologies in children, conducting differential diagnosis, and accurate evaluation of clinical signs is highlighted. The results emphasize the significant role of modern approaches in the early diagnosis and effective treatment of pediatric urological diseases.