Relation between sirtuin-1 activity and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) status post allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT): Prospective study

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). This prospective study investigated the role of sirtuin-1 (Sirt-1) activity in GVHD pathogenesis. Thirty patients post-HSCT were enrolled: 15 with GVHD and 15 without, alongside 10 controls. Serum Sirt-1 levels were significantly elevated in GVHD-positive patients (mean 24.6 ± 14.8) compared to GVHD-negative patients (10.8 ± 11.9). ROC curve analysis identified a cutoff >15.8 with 73.3% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity for GVHD detection. Positive correlations were observed between Sirt-1 and ALT, while negative correlations were found with total protein. In conclusion, elevated Sirt-1 levels are associated with GVHD, highlighting its potential as a diagnostic biomarker with high specificity.