Effect of Capacity-Building Strategy on Employee Performance in the State Department for Public Service in Nairobi City County, Kenya

Purpose: This study investigates the effect of capacity-building strategy on employee performance within the State Department for Public Service in Nairobi City County, Kenya. In the context of evolving public sector demands, enhancing workforce capabilities through structured training and development initiatives has become a critical priority. Despite the implementation of various capacity-building programs, there is limited empirical evidence linking these strategies to tangible improvements in employee performance, particularly at the departmental level. Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive, non-experimental research design, integrating both quantitative and qualitative approaches. A target population of 385 employees across different organizational levels was identified, from which a purposive sample of 116 respondents (30%) was selected. Data collection involved semi-structured questionnaires and key informant interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis in SPSS, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. A response rate of 82.76% yielded 96 valid responses. Findings: The results indicated high levels of both capacity-building implementation (mean = 4.08, SD = 0.77) and employee performance (mean = 4.07, SD = 0.77). Regression analysis revealed that capacity-building strategy significantly and positively influences employee performance (β = 0.324, p < 0.001). Key components such as training and development, skills enhancement, and leadership development were found to contribute meaningfully to improved job satisfaction, work quality, and operational efficiency. Conclusion: The study concludes that well-structured and contextually relevant capacity-building strategies play an important role in enhancing employee performance in the public sector. It recommends continued investment in targeted training and development initiatives to strengthen workforce effectiveness.