Energy Quantization as a Consequence of Discrete Time: The Dissolution of the Wave-Particle Dichotomy

This paper argues that the quantization of energy and the relationship E = hf are not fundamental axioms of quantum mechanics but structural consequences of two postulates: that time is discrete at the Planck scale, and that each discrete temporal unit carries equal action. Planck's constant is identified as the action content of one Planck-time tick, and the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem is applied to derive the maximum physical frequency. The paper further argues that wave-particle duality dissolves under this framework — a photon is always a wave, and point-like detection events are what quantized energy transfer looks like at the receiving end, not evidence for particle ontology. The double-slit experiment, quantum eraser, and interaction-free measurements are re-examined and shown to require no paradoxical interpretation when particle language is abandoned. The paper is a conceptual contribution intended to motivate formal development. Prior work by Caldirola on the chronon is discussed and distinguished.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-04-12
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19540087
Primary Topic
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

Energy Quantization as a Consequence of Discrete Time: The Dissolution of the Wave-Particle Dichotomy

Erol Karazincir
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
article

Energy Quantization as a Consequence of Discrete Time: The Dissolution of the Wave-Particle Dichotomy

Erol Karazincir
article en

Abstract

This paper argues that the quantization of energy and the relationship E = hf are not fundamental axioms of quantum mechanics but structural consequences of two postulates: that time is discrete at the Planck scale, and that each discrete temporal unit carries equal action. Planck's constant is identified as the action content of one Planck-time tick, and the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem is applied to derive the maximum physical frequency. The paper further argues that wave-particle duality dissolves under this framework — a photon is always a wave, and point-like detection events are what quantized energy transfer looks like at the receiving end, not evidence for particle ontology. The double-slit experiment, quantum eraser, and interaction-free measurements are re-examined and shown to require no paradoxical interpretation when particle language is abandoned. The paper is a conceptual contribution intended to motivate formal development. Prior work by Caldirola on the chronon is discussed and distinguished.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
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Openalex Percentile: Top 5%
Quantum Mechanics and Applications
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