THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FARMING ENTERPRISES IN THE REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA USING A SOFTWARE TOOL FOR TERRAIN AND LONG-TERM PRECIPITATION ANALYSIS

The article explores the development potential of farming enterprises in the Russian Federation using the Republic of Mordovia as a case study, with a focus on modern digital spatial analysis technologies. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to improve agricultural efficiency under changing climatic and environmental conditions, as well as to ensure rational land use. The aim of the research is to examine theoretical and practical aspects of farm development through the integration of geographic information systems (GIS), digital elevation models, and long-term climate data. The study analyzes key natural factors affecting agricultural productivity, including climate conditions, terrain characteristics, and soil properties. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of precipitation over a 30-year period, the creation of slope and contour maps, and the assessment of erosion risks and water distribution processes. The use of specialized software enabled automated data processing, improved accuracy in land suitability assessment, and reduced analysis time. The results demonstrate that a comprehensive approach combining geospatial and climatic data supports more informed decision-making in land allocation, reduces soil degradation risks, and enhances the sustainability of agricultural production. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of an integrated analytical tool that considers multiple environmental factors within a unified framework. The practical significance of the study is reflected in the potential application of the proposed approach for farm planning, optimization of agricultural practices, and the development of regional agricultural policies.