Marked Enhanced Myometrium Vascularity: Arteriovenous Malformation or Retained Product of Conception: A Case Report

Postpartum hemorrhage is one of the most common and significant complications of labor. Retained Products of Conception (RPOC) are a major cause and may mimic Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) on imaging. There is no clear consensus on the optimal treatment, with options including Dilation and Curettage (D&C) and uterine artery embolization. We report a 36-year-old woman with severe, recurrent postpartum hemorrhage whose ultrasound findings resembled an AVM. Because the patient did not consent to embolization and the interval since delivery was short, she underwent D&C, which successfully resolved her condition. At the 4th and 12th weeks of follow-up, she had no further bleeding, and normal regular menstruation resumed after four months. Dilation and curettage can be a reasonable and effective option in carefully selected patients with myometrial hypervascularity due to RPOC. This case emphasizes the importance of individualized treatment based on patient consent and clinical conditions.