Intranasal Nanoemulsion-based In-Situ Gel Containing Dexlansoprazole: Formulation Development, <i>In-Vitro</i> and <i>Ex-Vivo</i> Evaluation

AIM: Dexlansoprazole (DXL) is clinically effective in gastroesophageal reflux and ulcer healing, yet its oral bioavailability is compromised by acid instability, poor aqueous solubility, and extensive first-pass metabolism. To address these limitations, an intranasal nanoemulsion-based in situ gel was developed to bypass gastrointestinal and hepatic metabolism and enable rapid systemic absorption via the highly vascularized nasal mucosa. Owing to the BCS Class II nature of DXL, this approach was designed to enhance solubility, prolong nasal residence time, and provide sustained drug release. METHODS: permeation. RESULTS: than the drug suspension, respectively. Additionally, F3 remained physically stable for 3 months at 2-8 °C and 25 ± 5 °C. CONCLUSION: studies.