Validation and understanding of knowledge

The subject of the research is the methodological crisis of modern science, characterized by a gap between the verification and validation of knowledge. The problem of replacing a deep philosophical understanding of theoretical models with predominantly empirical verification is analyzed, which leads to a loss of coherence and ontological validity in scientific knowledge. Fundamental theories such as quantum mechanics, general relativity, and the Standard Model of elementary particles are critically examined, which, despite a high degree of experimental verification, remain philosophically unreflected and operate with indeterminate concepts of uncertain content. The role of primary properties of being as the ontological foundation for the validation of knowledge is explored, along with their bi-effectiveness as a tool for the representation of reality and their ontological nature as an indicator of correspondence to the objective world. The mechanism of isomorphism is analyzed as a tool for understanding and integrating knowledge into a cohesive system of the universe. An integrative approach is applied, combining the ontological analysis of primary properties of being with the epistemological analysis of the structure of scientific knowledge, as well as the method of isomorphic comparison of patterns at different levels of system organization. The scientific novelty consists in the development of criteria for the validation of knowledge that go beyond logical consistency and experimental verification. A distinction is proposed between verification (checking the correspondence of theory to experimental data) and validation (checking the congruence of knowledge with primary properties of being and its integration into a cohesive system). Based on the Empirical-Metaphysical General Theory of Systems (EMSGTS), a natural philosophical determinism is formed – a doctrine according to which all the diversity of forms and relations in the universe is conditioned by a finite set of primary properties of being that are bi-effective for reality. Conclusions: validation and understanding must take a central place in the methodology of science, serving as the philosophical foundation of a cohesive system of knowledge; modern science needs to restore the demand for structural causality and the congruence of knowledge with the ontological foundations of being; isomorphism serves not just as an observable regularity, but as a fundamental mechanism for the integration of knowledge into a unified system of the universe.