Graphicalized vision-language modeling for comprehensive lung nodule analysis and risk stratification
Lung cancer care involves coupled tasks such as precise nodule detection, patient-level survival risk estimation, and nodule count quantification, typically handled by separate systems despite clear interdependence. We present VITALIS, a multimodal vision-language framework that fuses CT and PET/CT imaging with structured radiology text using a graph-aware Transformer: Laplacian diffusion enriches token features on an image-text graph, while structural and prior-guided attention focus computation on anatomically and clinically related contexts, followed by bidirectional image-text conditioning to form a fused patient representation. This representation parameterizes a continuous-time latent risk process governed by a context-modulated Neural ODE, enabling individualized continuous-time modeling of time-to-event risk. Task-specific heads decode the latent trajectory into nodule detection, nodule malignancy classification, survival risk estimation, and nodule count prediction. Evaluated on three public cohorts, the framework delivers accurate delineations, low-false-positive localization, calibrated survival risk estimates, and consistent nodule counts across tasks. These findings indicate that coupling graph-aware multimodal encoding with continuous-time latent dynamics provides a coherent basis for integrated diagnostic and prognostic modeling in lung cancer.
Authors
- Zhengshui Xu
- Junfeng Xi
- Liang Li
- Shiyuan Liu
- Xun Guo
- Danwen Zhao
- Yinggang Zheng
- Qingyu Sun
- Jintao Chai
- Yan Xue
Institutions
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (CN)
- People's Liberation Army 411 Hospital (CN)
- Yulin University (CN)
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology (CN)
- Xi'an Jiaotong University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- npj Digital Medicine
- Published
- 2026-04-11
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-026-02602-9
- Primary Topic
- Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00