Long-term phycoremediation of hydroponic drainwater in a pilot-scale turbidostat

) with less treatment flexibility. Light, temperature, and HRT/SRT effects on daily nutrient removal and biomass productivity were evaluated. This study demonstrates the operational balance of greenhouse-integrative phycoremediation between drainwater treatment capacity, discharge compliance, and biomass productivity. Continuous turbidostat phycoremediation combines nutrient recovery with stable algal biomass production, reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers and lowering operational costs. The approach advances year-round, scalable microalgal cultivation in the Nordics while transforming drainwater into resource stream within circular bioeconomy framework.