Exercise in Hypoxic Environments: An Overview of Systematic Reviews on Performance, Physiological Adaptation, and Clinical Implications
Exercise under hypoxic conditions may enhances aerobic and hematological adaptations in trained populations, whereas acute exposure tends to impair performance and entails clinical risks. However, given the restricted search strategy, substantial heterogeneity, lack of formal overlap quantification, and the predominance of low methodological quality reviews, these findings should be interpreted with caution. Evidence on metabolic benefits remains limited, highlighting the need for further high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses to clarify optimal hypoxic training protocols and outcomes.
Authors
- Eduardo Pena (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2664-1722)
- Lissé Angarita (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7860-5112)
- Héctor Fuentes-Barría (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-0848)
- Cherie Flores-Fernández (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5294-7157)
- Samia El Alam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7501-5077)
- Raul Alberto Aguilera-Eguía (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4123-4255)
- Míguel Alarcón-Rivera (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8341-5567)
Institutions
- Universidad Andrés Bello (CL)
- Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (CL)
- Universidad Santo Tomás (CL)
- Metropolitan University of Technology (CL)
- Arturo Prat University (CL)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Sports
- Published
- 2026-04-10
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/sports14040147
- Primary Topic
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00