The Economics of Aggression: Why War Always Destroys the Perpetrator — A V=N/D Analysis

War has been described as politics by other means. This paper proposes a different analysis: war is the deliberate maximization of D (friction), and is therefore self-defeating by mathematical necessity. Using the economic formula V=N/D — where V represents value generated, N represents service and contribution, and D represents friction, resistance, and destruction — this paper demonstrates that large-scale military aggression systematically and inevitably destroys the perpetrator's long-term value, regardless of short-term territorial gains. Four case studies are examined: Napoleon Bonaparte, Adolf Hitler, the United States (Iraq War), and Vladimir Putin. The paper introduces the Aggressor's Paradox and situates war as the civilizational inverse of the Saint Algorithm.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-04-10
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19491070
Primary Topic
Defense, Military, and Policy Studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

The Economics of Aggression: Why War Always Destroys the Perpetrator — A V=N/D Analysis

Yoshihikaru Katayama
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Defense, Military, and Policy Studies
article

The Economics of Aggression: Why War Always Destroys the Perpetrator — A V=N/D Analysis

Yoshihikaru Katayama
article en

Abstract

War has been described as politics by other means. This paper proposes a different analysis: war is the deliberate maximization of D (friction), and is therefore self-defeating by mathematical necessity. Using the economic formula V=N/D — where V represents value generated, N represents service and contribution, and D represents friction, resistance, and destruction — this paper demonstrates that large-scale military aggression systematically and inevitably destroys the perpetrator's long-term value, regardless of short-term territorial gains. Four case studies are examined: Napoleon Bonaparte, Adolf Hitler, the United States (Iraq War), and Vladimir Putin. The paper introduces the Aggressor's Paradox and situates war as the civilizational inverse of the Saint Algorithm.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Genesis Research Institute (JP)
Openalex Percentile: Top 3%
Defense, Military, and Policy Studies
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