A retrospective cohort study of a PIRFAS- and ultrasound-guided program for pressure ulcers in prone orthopedic surgery

Objective: Pressure ulcers are recognized as a prevalent intraoperative complication in prone-positioned orthopedic surgery patients. This study aimed to explore the effects of a gradient warning nursing procedure (GWNP) guided by the Pressure Injury Risk Factor Assessment Scale (PIRFAS) and ultrasonography on pressure ulcers in prone-positioned orthopedic operation patients. Methods: -test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and multivariate regression analysis being employed as appropriate for data types and comparison purposes. Results: < 0.05). Conclusion: The GWNP guided by the PIRFAS and ultrasonography could effectively represent an effective bundled intervention for prone-positioned orthopedic surgery. Implementation of this protocol in clinical practice can potentially enhance patient safety by reducing pressure ulcer incidence and severity while also improving healthcare resource utilization. Future research should focus on validating these findings through multicenter randomized controlled trials.