A CRITICAL REVIEW OF SWASTHA CHATUSHKA IN THE PREVENTION OF LIFESTYLE DISORDERS

Lifestyle disorders such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases are rapidly increasing worldwide due to unhealthy dietary patterns, sedentary lifestyles, and rising psychological stress. These disorders represent a major burden on global healthcare systems and necessitate effective preventive strategies. Ayurveda, the ancient science of life, emphasizes prevention as its primary objective, encapsulated in the principle “Swasthasya Swasthya Rakshanam” (preservation of health in healthy individuals). Swastha Chatushka, described in the Sutrasthana of Charaka Samhita, provides a systematic framework for maintaining health through four chapters; Matrashiteeya, Tasyashiteeya, Navegandharaneeya, and Indriyopakramaneeya. These collectively address diet, lifestyle, seasonal adaptation, behavioral conduct, and physiological regulation. This study adopts a descriptive and analytical review methodology based on classical Ayurvedic texts and contemporary research literature. The principles of Swastha Chatushka are critically evaluated and correlated with modern concepts of preventive medicine. The analysis reveals that Swastha Chatushka offers a holistic and practical approach integrating diet (Ahara), lifestyle (Vihara), seasonal regimen (Ritucharya), ethical conduct (Sadvritta), and regulation of natural urges. These principles closely align with modern scientific concepts such as metabolic balance, circadian rhythm, stress management, and psychosomatic health. The study concludes that Swastha Chatushka is a comprehensive preventive health model. Its integration into modern healthcare can significantly reduce the burden of lifestyle disorders and promote overall well-being.