A Cost-Effective Approach to Triphenylamine-Assisted Fabrication of Stable Cu2O Nanoparticles: Structural Analysis and Multifunctional Antibacterial, Optical, and Electronic Performance

Introduction: O) nanoparticles (NPs). Methods: O NPs was evaluated using the disk diffusion method and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against four clinically significant bacterial strains. Results: O NPs were also studied. UV-Vis spectra exhibited a distinct absorption peak at 275 nm and 280 nm in formic acid and N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) solvents, respectively. Electronic properties were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) analyses and electron transitions (direct and indirect) in UV-Vis. Results of antibacterial activities indicated dose-dependent inhibition. The synthesized NPs showed significant efficacy, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusion: O NPs as durable antimicrobial agents for biomedical and its electrical and optical characteristics making it appropriate for various uses in photovoltaics, sensors, and photocatalysis and industrial applications, offering enhanced longevity and effectiveness compared to conventional counterparts.