Why class discrimination is invisible

The article analyzes the reasons behind the persistent invisibility of class discrimination in social life and social science. Unlike gender and race, social class is not readily visible, clearly bounded and its boundaries agreed upon; membership can change and is not officialized by the state; position is perceived as a flexible and meritocratic; plus the social sciences have failed to develop a properly analytic concept of discrimination. I illustrate my argument with field observation of a California criminal court in which bias based on class is pervasive and overt, yet unseen and affirmed by judges, prosecutors and defence attorneys.

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Publication Details

Journal
Thesis Eleven
Published
2026-04-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/07255136261432223
Primary Topic
Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
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article

Why class discrimination is invisible

Loïc Wacquant
Thesis Eleven
Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
article

Why class discrimination is invisible

Loïc Wacquant
article en

Abstract

The article analyzes the reasons behind the persistent invisibility of class discrimination in social life and social science. Unlike gender and race, social class is not readily visible, clearly bounded and its boundaries agreed upon; membership can change and is not officialized by the state; position is perceived as a flexible and meritocratic; plus the social sciences have failed to develop a properly analytic concept of discrimination. I illustrate my argument with field observation of a California criminal court in which bias based on class is pervasive and overt, yet unseen and affirmed by judges, prosecutors and defence attorneys.

Thesis ElevenVol. 193(1)
University of California System (US), Centre Européen de Sociologie et de Science Politique (FR)
Gender equality
Openalex Percentile: Top 13%
Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
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Why class discrimination is invisible — Loïc Wacquant · Thesis Eleven (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS