Haemato-biochemical and blood gas changes in cattle under multimodal general anaesthesia using guaiphenesin-ketamineisoflurane with butorphanol-xylazine-ketamine premedication

The study was carried out in six female cattle of different breeds, aged between six months to 10 years and weighing 100480 kg, to assess haemato-biochemical and blood gas alterations during multimodal general anaesthesia. Pre-anaesthetic sedation was achieved with intramuscular injection of butorphanol, xylazine and ketamine at the dose rate of 0.01, 0.02 and 0.04 mgkg body weight. Following sedation, all the animals were positioned in left lateral recumbency, and anaesthesia was induced with intravenous administration of double drip containing ketamine (1.0 mg mL) and guaiphenesin (50 mgmL) to effect. Intubated the trachea and anaesthesia was maintained using isoflurane in 100 oxygen. A significant leukopenia was observed after induction of anaesthesia. No significant changes were observed in total erythrocyte count, volume of packed red cells, platelet count, or haemoglobin concentration before and during maintenance of anaesthesia. A non-significant anaemia, lymphocytosisand neutropenia, along with mild fluctuations in aspartate aminotransferase and a significant reduction in alanine aminotransferase level wererecorded during maintenance of anaesthesia. Blood pH showed a significant reduction (p