Research on the Static and Dynamic Behavior and Microscopic Mechanisms of Lignosulfonate-Treated Sand

Sand, a widely used material in construction, often presents challenges in engineering applications due to its loose granular structure. To address this issue, lignosulfonate (LS), an eco-friendly industrial by-product, is explored as a stabilizing agent in this study. This research investigates the effects of LS on the static and dynamic properties of sand, including its impact on compaction, compressive strength, and shear strength. A combination of laboratory tests, including unconfined compressive strength (UCS), direct shear tests, and resonant column tests, was used to evaluate the performance of LS-treated sand under different conditions. The study reveals that LS enhances the compaction, shear strength, and dynamic stiffness of sand, with an optimal LS content of 8%. This work contributes to the development of sustainable geotechnical materials and offers valuable insights for improving soil properties in foundation and subgrade applications under dynamic loading conditions.