Reframing RB Tumor Suppressor Dysfunction as a Therapeutic Vulnerability in Cancer

loss can promote replication stress, induce chromosomal instability, and lead to transcriptional reprograming, potentially generating context-specific therapeutic vulnerabilities. In this review, we examine the multifaceted biology of RB and evaluate how its loss influences responses to chemotherapy and targeted therapies. We highlight emerging strategies that exploit RB-deficient states using rational monotherapy and combination approaches. Reframing RB dysfunction from a binary biomarker to a driver of exploitable cellular vulnerabilities may inform and expand precision oncology strategies for aggressive and treatment-resistant cancers.