Advances in Systems Engineering of Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction

ABSTRACT The advancement of carbon dioxide electroreduction (CO 2 RR) from fundamental research to industrial deployment represents a multifaceted systems engineering challenge, demanding integrated optimization beyond isolated catalyst performance. This review synthesizes progress and hurdles across five critical subsystems: (1) feedstock CO 2 supply and purification, (2) coupled reaction and product separation, (3) energy input integration with renewable sources, (4) upgrading of anode reactions beyond oxygen evolution reaction, and (5) innovative reactor design and scale‐up. We argue that achieving techno‐economic viability and net environmental benefit requires a paradigm shift from single‐component optimization to system‐level integration and process synergy. In this endeavor, process simulation tools, exemplified by the Aspen suite, act as an indispensable virtual laboratory, enabling quantitative analysis of mass and energy balances, techno‐economic assessment, and life cycle evaluation to de‐risk scale‐up. Future development must prioritize enhanced model accuracy, dynamic control for renewable intermittency, advanced materials development, and scale‐up engineering to fully realize CO 2 RR as a cornerstone technology for carbon neutrality, energy structure transformation, and a sustainable chemical industry.