Thymic stromal lymphopoietin promotes abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by regulating macrophage polarization

Background: The inflammatory cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) has pleiotropic roles in immune response and tissue homeostasis, yet its function in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains entirely unexplored. Methods: . Underlying mechanisms were probed by bulk RNA sequencing. Results: , TSLP directly induced M1 while inhibited M2 macrophage polarization. Transcriptomics identified that TSLP upregulated pro-inflammatory pathways in macrophages, including positive regulation of cytokine production, regulation of immune effector process, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and chemokine signaling pathway. Conclusions: Our integrated multi-level analysis has identified TSLP as a novel pathogenic driver of AAA, which promotes disease progression by reprogramming macrophage polarization. These findings nominate TSLP signaling as a mechanistically grounded and therapeutically promising target for AAA.