Cloning and molecular characterization of ant(9)-If: a novel aminoglycoside adenylyltransferase gene conferring resistance to spectinomycin

Background: is highly complex, leading to challenges in the clinical treatment of infectious diseases caused by this pathogen. Consequently, a better understanding of antibiotic resistance mechanisms is urgently needed. Methods: Sewage samples were obtained from animal farms, and the streaking plate technique was used to isolate single colonies. The whole-genome sequence of the bacterium was obtained using next-generation sequencing platforms. Antimicrobial minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the standard agar dilution method. Molecular cloning was performed to explore the function of the antibiotic resistance gene. The protein was expressed, and its enzyme kinetic parameters were analyzed. Bioinformatic methods were used to examine the sequence structure and evolutionary dynamics of the resistance gene. Results: like) genes are broadly distributed across plasmids and chromosomes in various Gram-positive cocci and bacilli, including those of clinically significant species. Conclusion: strain isolated from animal farm sewage. Deeper exploration of the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of bacteria from various sources can aid in the development of effective treatments for infections in both animal husbandry and human healthcare. These studies could expedite the development of strategies to prevent the spread of resistance among bacteria from various sources.