Moringa Oleifera L. Extract Modifies Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Changes Associated with Diabetes in Male Rats

Diabetes is a metabolic illness marked by chronically high blood sugar levels caused by oxidative stress and free radicals, which leads to pancreatic beta cell malfunction and insulin resistance, worsening the condition. This study investigated the protective effect of moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE) on some biochemical variables in diabetic male rats treated with alloxan, which increased blood sugar levels. Male rats weighing 180 ± 150 g on average were placed in four groups, each containing five male rats. Several major biochemical tests were conducted on glucose, HbA1c, lipid levels, renal function indices, and antioxidant levels. The results showed that MLE significantly reduced glucose and HbA1c levels, lipid profile, and kidney function while enhancing antioxidant activity and reducing oxidative stress in the diabetic rats. This could be due to the compounds in the MLE, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, modifying enzyme catalytic activity and compensating for diabetes-induced defects in rats. As such, MLE can be regarded as a potent antioxidant, mitigating the effects of free radicals and metabolic abnormalities associated with diabetes