Hydrothermal Conversion of Annatto Seed Waste (Bixa orellana) into Functional Hydrochar: Synthesis, Characterization, and Adsorption Mechanism of Tetracycline
at 30 °C. Thermodynamic analysis indicated a spontaneous and slightly endothermic adsorption process. Overall, the results highlight the potential of annatto-derived hydrochar as a low-cost adsorbent and provide insight into the relationship between surface properties and adsorption behavior governing antibiotic removal from aqueous systems.
Authors
- Diana Guaya (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-7208)
- José Luis Cortina (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1926-0465)
- Linda Jadán
Institutions
- Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (EC)
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (ES)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Molecules
- Published
- 2026-04-07
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31071224
- Primary Topic
- Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya