Comparative Discriminative Performance of Cast, Gap, and Three-Point Indices in Predicting Malunion in Elderly Patients with Conservatively Treated Distal Radius Fractures

: The Gap and Three-Point Indices showed greater discriminative ability than the Cast Index for malunion after conservative management of DRFs in elderly patients. Thresholds of GI ≥ 0.33 and TPI ≥ 1.51 at 7-10 days may serve as practical quantitative indicators to identify patients who may warrant closer follow-up and possible cast reassessment in conjunction with standard radiographic assessment and clinical judgment.