SYSTEMATIZATION OF ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND SERVICES OF URBAN LANDS

The relevance of the study is due to the need to move towards sustainable development of urban areas that require integrated consideration of the environmental factor in land management. Traditional cadastral valuation methods do not reflect the full value of urban lands, ignoring the ecological functions and ecosystem services provided, which leads to the adoption of suboptimal urban planning decisions and the loss of the natural capital of cities. The purpose of the study is to analyze the theoretical and methodological foundations and develop an integrated approach to the ecological and economic assessment of human settlements, integrating market value and the cost of ecosystem services. The methodological basis of the work consists of systemic and interdisciplinary approaches, the concept of ecosystem services, methods of economic assessment of natural capital (replacement cost, transportation and travel costs, hedonic pricing, conditional assessment), as well as methods of comparative analysis and classification. The author's comprehensive classification of ecological functions and services of urban lands, adapted for the purposes of ecological and economic assessment, has been developed and presented. Environmental functions and services are structured into groups (regulating, providing, cultural, and supportive), for which measurable indicators, a method of economic assessment, and the nature of the impact on land value are established. A fundamentally new scheme for calculating the integrated ecological and economic indicator of the value of a land area is proposed. This indicator allows you to quantify the market price of a site with the value of the environmental benefits provided by it and taking into account the accumulated environmental damage.