Starch Graft Poly( <i>N</i> ‐Methylaniline)/Graphite Composite SgNMA/G Composite as Facile Adsorbent for Methyl Orange Water Remediation

ABSTRACT World requires environmentally friendly, cheap, and highly effective advanced chemical structures for various applications. With population increases, technologies should increase, which means increasing environmental pollutants, especially those discharged into the water. Methyl orange (MO) is azo dye and is consider hazard for biological systems and environment. MO a well‐known and applied dye present as waste in different water regions, was removed and has become essential for obtaining environmentally friendly water. Facile starch graft poly( N ‐methylaniline)/graphite composite (SgNMA/G) composite was synthesized and characterized by traditional tools of analysis such as infrared spectroscopy (IR), x‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to confirm the grafting process and composite formation. The characterized formed composite was used as adsorbent for MO; the optimization of the removal of MO from groundwater was achieved on the basis of the removal %. In addition, both starch graft poly( N ‐methylaniline) (SgNMA) and poly( N ‐methylaniline) (PNMA) were checked as adsorbent for MO from groundwater. The data reveal that the adsorption capacity is increased by incorporation of graphite with the graft. Adsorption capacity ( Q m /mg g −1 ) is 9.9108 for composite, but in the case of both SgNMA and PNMA it is less. That is due to its high surface area (121.88 m 2 /g). So the synthesized composite is cheap and demonstrated a 20%–30% higher adsorption capacity compared to the individual components and some other used materials, confirming its potential as an efficient adsorbent for wastewater remediation.