Nandur Madhmeshwar Bird Sanctuary as a Key Wintering Ground for Migratory Birds Along the Central Asian Flyway: A Review

The Nandur Madhmeshwar Bird Sanctuary is an important place for migratory birds in Maharashtra and is a key part of the Central Asian Flyway's avifaunal diversity. The present review is based on scientific published literature, Bird checklists, surveys, and databases. All the scientific research and related words were searched analysed and screened for migratory birds in Nandur Madhmeshwar Bird Sanctuary. This sanctuary is home to around 80 species from nine orders and nineteen families. Most of them are waterfowl and wading birds that use the different wetland ecosystems to feed, rest, and spend the winter. The literature shows that migratory activity peaks between October and March, with most of the species coming from Central Asia, Siberia, and northern Europe. Wetlands provide ecological services like protecting biodiversity, recycling nutrients, and providing habitats. But human-made threats like habitat loss, pollution, and climate change are very dangerous for both migratory birds and the places where they live. Protecting habitats, monitoring water quality, managing tourism sustainably, and engaging the community in conservation efforts are some suggestions. Despite the documentation of numerous species, research on the impact of climate change on migration patterns and the monitoring of populations over time remains incomplete. The fact that the sanctuary is a Ramsar site shows how important it is for migratory birds around the world. To protect this important wetland and its migratory bird populations, it is important to continue researching and using adaptive management methods, such as monitoring bird populations and habitat conditions, to ensure effective conservation strategies are implemented. Such efforts will make sure that it stays a key resource for biodiversity in the area.