Dravet syndrome or severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy: A narrative review in adverse events following immunization

Abstract Dravet syndrome (DS), also referred to as severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy, is a rare form of epilepsy that typically begins in infancy. It is considered a rare genetic epilepsy disorder; its prevalence may be notably higher among children who experience seizures shortly after vaccination. The aim of this study was to explore DS within the context of adverse events following immunization (AEFI), particularly in the healthcare setting. Further, it seeks to examine how such rare but serious neurological conditions may be misinterpreted as vaccine-related complications, thereby influencing vaccine safety perceptions. Sources for the narrative review included databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Open Med. A total of 52 different research papers were included that formed the foundation for the introduction and discussion section, providing the evidence and insights necessary to address the research questions, identify key trends, and draw meaningful conclusions. Ultimately, a reliable AEFI monitoring framework is not only a safety net but also a cornerstone of public health efforts to deliver safe and effective vaccines. Gaining a better understanding of the frequency and clinical features of these early, vaccination-associated seizures is essential for timely identification of DS in children presenting with postvaccination seizures for treatment decisions and appropriate genetic counseling for families. Furthermore, recognizing that vaccinations may act as a trigger, but are not the underlying cause of the condition, can help reassure families for the immunization of siblings and other children in the community to prevent unnecessary vaccine hesitancy.