Optimizing voice therapy interventions: the application of the principles of motor learning in clinical practice.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to present an overview of principles of motor learning (PML) and summarize the most recent evidence regarding the application of PML to optimize voice therapy intervention. RECENT FINDINGS: The principles of motor learning that have been proven effective in sport, neuroscience, physical therapies and motor speech and swallowing therapies are now being demonstrated to be relevant and effective in voice therapy. SUMMARY: Current research is in its early stages with a small number of retrospective, prospective and experimental studies investigating aspects of practice, feedback, instruction and modelling. Low participant numbers are noted as a limitation in many studies. Research shows motor learning principles are effective, but large-scale studies are needed to develop a deeper understanding of how to optimise the PML in individual therapeutic scenarios.