Ceramic Glazing to Enhance Stability and Selectivity of CoAl ₂ O ₄ Catalyst for Wastewater Advanced Oxidation

spinel catalyst with an amorphous surface through high-temperature quenching. This amorphized surface structure eliminates grain boundaries, significantly enhancing resistance to oxidative degradation and minimizing cobalt catalyst leaching (∼20 ppb). More importantly, the glazed surface interface promotes a nonradical electron-transfer mechanism from pollutants to persulfate, enabling selective degradation of persistent micropollutants such as 1,4-dioxane. Structural characterization and electrochemical analysis reveal that the amorphous interface introduces abundant oxygen vacancies and suppresses radical generation, supporting direct pollutant-to-oxidant electron transfer. Membrane tests confirm high flux operation, excellent pollutant selectivity, and long-term stability, positioning this catalyst as a next-generation platform for selective, stable, and sustainable AOP-based water treatment.