Associations between Work–Family Conflict and Presenteeism among Working Women in Japan: A Nationwide Internet Survey

OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between work-family conflict (WFC) and presenteeism among Japanese working women living with family members. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional internet-based survey in June 2024 with 19,652 Japanese working women living with family members. Work-to-family conflict (WtFC), family-to-work conflict (FtWC), and presenteeism were assessed by self-administered questionnaires, and multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for presenteeism across WFC categories. RESULTS: WtFC (Mild: OR 1.62; Moderate: OR 1.46; Severe: OR 2.75, all P values < 0.001) and FtWC (Mild: OR 1.80; Moderate: OR 2.37; Severe: OR 2.78, all P values < 0.001) were associated with presenteeism, with higher conflict categories showing generally higher presenteeism. CONCLUSIONS: Women with severe WtFC or FtWC face higher presenteeism, highlighting the need for workplace and societal measures to reduce work-family conflict in this population.