Temperature‐Dependent Thermal Conductivity Effects in Magnetohydrodynamic Hybrid Nanofluid Flow: A Numerical Study

ABSTRACT This study presents a numerical investigation of a Buongiorno model nanofluid incorporating Joule heating and a magnetic field. Water is regarded as the base fluid, with a Cu‐ mixture serves as the hybrid nanoparticles. The research focuses on the influence of heat and mass transfer on the flow characteristics of the hybrid nanofluid. The mathematical and physical models account for the consequences of the thermophoretic forces and the diffusive motion of nanoparticles arising from Brownian activity. To reduce the complexity of governing partial equations, similarity variables are employed to convert them into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). This research aims to highlight the significance of magnetic fields and thermal conductivity on the flow behavior and thermal transport assets of the nanofluid. The fourth‐order Runge–Kutta algorithm, integrated with the shooting technique, is employed to compute the numerical solutions for the system ODEs subject to the given initial conditions. Graphical results reveal that the temperature and concentration profiles increase with higher thermophoretic forces, while an opposite trend is observed for Brownian motion effects. Increasing slip parameters lead to a reduction in the thermal profile, boundary layer region thickness, and Prandtl number. Moreover, a rise in thermal conductivity enhances the temperature distribution within the fluid.