Tunable Materials for AI-Driven Active Gas Sensing Systems

The advancement of field-effect transistor-based gas sensors is essential for realizing high-performance artificial olfactory systems. This review comprehensively explores the evolution of sensing materials, ranging from robust inorganic metal oxides and 2D materials to carbon materials and chemically diverse organic semiconductors. Beyond material innovation, we highlight the paradigm shift toward intelligent sensing platforms capable of in-sensor computing. By integrating unique material fingerprints with neuromorphic algorithms, these next-generation sensors demonstrate exceptional potential for recognizing complex gas mixtures and enabling low-power edge computing applications.