Effects of combined training on inflammatory biomarkers in middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis on the regulatory effects of combined training—namely, the combination of aerobic and resistance training—on inflammatory biomarkers in middle-aged and older adults, and to provide evidence-based practice recommendations accordingly. Existing research suggests that exercise interventions can effectively improve inflammatory status. Combined training, by integrating the benefits of both aerobic and resistance exercises, may have a superior effect on reducing inflammation. However, current findings are inconsistent and lack clear supporting evidence. Therefore, this study will systematically analyze existing randomized controlled trials to investigate the effects of combined training on inflammatory biomarkers (such as CRP, IL-6, TNF-α) in middle-aged and older populations, in order to provide evidence-based support for exercise intervention strategies in this demographic