A sensitivity study of viscous magnetohydrodynamic flow over a sheet with electric field effects using response surface methodology

This study focuses on the effect of the magnetic dipole on magnetohydrodynamics. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) utilizes specialized hospital equipment designed for MRI scans to produce detailed internal images of the body by aligning protons within the body’s cells. This current research focuses on the method used, which encompasses thermal radiation, mixed convection, and steady flow. Sensitivity analysis to optimize heat transfer forms the novelty of this study. Furthermore, flow characteristics are assessed to analyze the thermal dipole effect. The study formulates the governing partial differential equations and utilizes similarity transformations to convert them into ordinary differential equations, which MATLAB’s bvp4c solver then solves. The primary outcome of the study is the demonstration of the influence on velocity and temperature profiles of the sheet for the dipole configured between parameters of 0.06 and 0.18. An increase in the magnetic dipole parameter results in a Nusselt number increase of around 3% and a skin friction reduction of almost 14%. When compared with response surface methodology, artificial neural networks were more accurate in prediction. Comparisons with existing literature also validated the study’s results. This type of study provides insight into the manipulation of thermal radiation for enhanced heat transfer, offering valuable information for designing heat transfer systems, particularly in thermal management systems. Overall, the study delivers on advanced control of magnetic systems and boundary layer flow in heat transfer.