MINERAL COMPOSITION OF FRUIT CROPS INDIVIDUAL VARIETIES

The aim of the study is to comparatively evaluate the mineral value of fruit crops of regionalized and commercial varieties. The objects of the study were apples (Danila, Pervouralskaya, Sverdlovchanin varieties) and pears (Gvidon, Dobryanka varieties) bred in the Urals; apples (Gala, Renet Simirenko, Red Delicious varieties) and pears (Williams, Conference, Forel varieties) sold in the Magnit retail chain. Seventeen minerals were identified in the apples, 11 of which were detected in all fruits: K > P > Mg > Ca > Na > B > Fe > Al ≥ Zn > Mn > Cu. Of the essential elements, the Danila apple variety contained more K (up to 10 times), Fe (up to 9 times), Na (up to 8 times), Mg (up to 5 times), Zn (up to 4 times), P (up to 43 %), Pervouralskaya – Ca (up to 610 times), Mn (up to 8 times), Mg (up to 5 times), Cu (up to 2 times); Renet Simirenko – K (up to 10 times); Sverdlovchanin – Cu (up to 2 times). Eighteen elements were detected in pears, 14 of which were present in all varieties: K > P > Ca > Mg > Na > Si > B > Fe ≥ Zn > Al > Cu > Ba > Mn > Ni. Of the essential elements, Forel pears contained more Zn and Fe (up to 5–6 times), Cu and Na (up to 2 times), and Mg (up to 50 %); Gvidon contained more Mn (up to 3 times), Ca and Cu (up to 2 times), P (up to 70 %), and K (up to 38 %); Dobryanka contained more P (up to 70 %), and Williams contained more Na (up to 2 times). The Danila and Pervouralskaya apple varieties, and the Gvidon pear variety, bred in the Urals, were the sources of the highest overall accumulation of minerals in apple fruits.