Radiological and Neurological Evaluation of Vertebral Fracture and Luxation Patterns in Cats: A Retrospective Study: 36 Cases (2023-2024).

The aim of this retrospective study was to describe vertebral fractures and luxations in cats radiologically and neurologically and to evaluate their correlation with the severity of spinal cord injury. Thirty-six cats were included in the study. Etiology, neurological status and radiographic appearances were evaluated. In the neurological examination, 23 cats (63.8%) exhibited upper motor neuron signs, while the other 13 (36.2%) showed lower motor neuron signs. Based on the Modified Frankel Scale used for neurological grading, 23 cases (63.8%) were recorded as 'grade 0,' while 13 cases (36.2%) were recorded as 'grade 2.' The most frequently affected region was the T3-L3 region in 26 cases (72.2%), followed by the L4-L7 region in 9 cases (25%) and the C6-Th2 region in 1 case (2.8%). According to the Modified Spinal Trauma Scale, wedge compression fracture was the most common lesion. In cats, the caudal vertebral segment was displaced more dorsally. Evaluation of vertebral canal dislocation revealed that the degree of dislocation varied between 0% and 30% in 14 cases and between 50% and 100% in 22 cases. At the same time, a significant relationship was revealed between deep pain sensation and the degree of dislocation. This study demonstrates the importance of radiological findings and neurological examination in determining the prognosis after spinal trauma in cats.