The formation and development of the careers of the teaching staff of Russian universities (18th – 19th centuries): a historical and legal analysis

The article is devoted to the formation and development of the regulation of the career of the teaching staff of Russian universities in the XVIII – XIX c. The legal regulation of professional career was carried out on the basis of the Table of Ranks, university Charters, Regulations on awarding academic degrees and a number of departmental regulations. Russian universities were part of the state apparatus and fulfilled the task of ensuring its need for qualified officials, and university professors represented a special stratum of civil servants whose function was teaching.